Fetomaternal Outcome of Pre-Eclampsia and Eclampsia in Lautech Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso: A 4-Year Review Bankole et al: Fetomaternal outcomes of preeclampsia and eclampsia

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia and eclampsia form the apex of the spectrum of hypertensives disorders that plague pregnant women. It has devastating possibilities, especially when not identified and properly managed. The usual meter for assessing care in this clinical setting becomes the outcomes. This will help identify gaps to be filled and successes already achieved and also a baseline for future comparisons. Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso is a referral centre thus findings will reflect surrounding towns and hospitals. Objectives: To determine the incidence of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia at LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria, and the fetomaternal outcomes. Materials and Methods: A review of the obstetric cases managed between January 2012 and December 2015 was done. Data was retrieved from hospital records. Data was cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results are presented in tables and charts. Chi-Square and ANOVA were used to test for association with a P-value < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of preeclampsia/eclampsia was 3.97% (3.1% preeclampsia and 0.87% eclampsia). Pulmonary oedema (77.4%) was the most common complication while 49.1% had acute renal failure, 58.5% had a preterm delivery, and 57.3% required cesarean delivery. There was no maternal death however 20.8% had a stillbirth or early neonatal death and 25% of the babies had SCBU admission. The mean systolic blood pressure (192.8+/- 28.4) was significantly higher among women who had perinatal death (p=0.019). Conclusion: Preeclampsia/eclampsia is associated with significant maternal morbidity and perinatal mortality. Appropriate measures to reduce these figures are required.