Finger Pattern Size and Palmar Traits Distribution in Blood Cell Typing

Abstract

Background: Dermatoglyphics parameters are genetically determined and have been a genetic blueprint to understand certain gene expression phenotypically. Objectives: This study was designed to establish dermatoglyphic characteristics that are specific for blood type identification. Materials and Methods: Conventional blood typing method using antigen-antibody complex reaction was carried out to categorize the subjects into, blood types A, B, AB and O Finger and palmar dermatoglyphic data was obtained using convectional ink method. Finger pattern intensity, pattern distribution, ridge counts and palmar parameters were measured. These were done by counting and classifying ridge patterns, pattern configuration and ridge densities. Results: Dermatoglyphic parameters observed in blood type A showed large pattern sizes while blood group AB had small patterns sizes as measured by the total finger ridge counts. Blood type O and A demonstrated increased digital ridge counts on digits D1 and D4 on the left and right hands while blood type AB significantly showed lower digital ridge count on D1 with associated lower pattern intensity. 2D:4D ratio across the blood types was insignificantly distributed. Blood type B and O showed significant distribution of palmar pattern II and III with associated double radial-based crease (DRBC). High degree of symmetrical arrangement observed in the axial tri-radius (T), however, TII Position characterized the B and O blood group. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the dermatoglyphics parameters specific for different blood grouping among undergraduate students of the College of Health Sciences, Osun State University, Nigeria.