/* --------------  GLOBAL IMPORTS (MUST BE FIRST) -------------- */


/* Google Font (Open Sans 400 & 600) */
@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Open+Sans:wght@400;600&display=swap');

/* Normalize / Reset (keeps browsers consistent) */
@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/normalize/8.0.1/normalize.min.css');

/*Show-Hide search*/
/* Font Awesome v6 */
@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.5.0/css/all.min.css');

/* Optional local modules – uncomment if you create them
@import url('buttons.css');
@import url('layout.css');
*/

/* --------------  YOUR EXISTING RULES BELOW  ------------------ */

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

/*cover page and issue details*/

.heading .thumbnail img.img-responsive {
    max-width: 180px;   /* adjust as needed */
    height: auto;       /* keeps proportion */
}

.heading.row {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.heading .thumbnail {
    flex: 0 0 auto;      /* shrink to image width */
    width: auto;
}

.heading .issue-details {
    flex: 1;             /* take remaining space */
}

/*Archive cover and text*/
/* Make media object auto-size like modern layout */
.issue-summary.media {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
}

/* Shrink left column to image width */
.issue-summary .media-left {
    flex: 0 0 auto;
    width: auto;
    padding-right: 15px; /* spacing */
}

/* Scale cover proportionately */
.issue-summary .media-left img.media-object {
    max-width: 90px;   /* adjust as needed */
    height: auto;
}

/* Let body take remaining space */
.issue-summary .media-body {
    flex: 1 1 auto;
}

/*Abstract page*/
/* Article page layout control */
.pkp_page_article .row {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row !important;   /* prevents row-reverse from any old rule */
    align-items: flex-start;
}

/* Sidebar stays on the LEFT (original position), shrink to image */
.pkp_page_article .row > .article-sidebar {
    order: 1 !important;              /* LEFT */
    flex: 0 0 auto;
    width: auto !important;
    max-width: none !important;
    padding-right: 20px;
}

/* Main column stays on the RIGHT */
.pkp_page_article .row > .col-md-8 {
    order: 2 !important;              /* RIGHT */
    flex: 1 1 auto;
    width: auto !important;
    min-width: 0;
}

/* Proportionate cover image */
.pkp_page_article .article-sidebar .cover-image img.img-responsive {
    max-width: 180px;
    height: auto;
}


@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .pkp_page_article .row {
    flex-direction: column !important;
  }

  .pkp_page_article .row > .article-sidebar {
    padding-right: 0;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
  }
}



a.galley-link.btn.btn-primary.file {
margin: 5px;
border-radius: 0px;
background: #6D006D;
border-color: #6D006D;
padding-bottom: 1px;
padding-top: 2px;
}
.btn-group > a.galley-link.btn.btn-primary.pdf {
border-radius: 0px;
background: #6D006D;
border-color: #6D006D;
padding-bottom: 1px;
padding-top: 2px;
margin: 5px;
}
.btn-group, .btn-group-vertical {
    
    margin-top: 10px;
    
}
h3.media-heading a {
color: #6D006D;
font-size: 2rem;
line-height: 1.3;
}
/*pdf article details button*/
.galley-link.btn.btn-primary.pdf {
    padding-bottom: 1px;
    padding-top: 2px;
    background: #6D006D;
}


.citation_display .citation_formats_button {
    position: relative;
    background: #0d0d0d !important;
}


/*top logo*/
@media (min-width: 600px){
.navbar-brand {
        height: 65px;
    overflow: hidden;
    padding-bottom: 2px;
}
}
.navbar-brand {
    padding-bottom: 2px;
    padding-top: 2px;
   
}
.navbar-default .nav>li>a, .header_view .nav>li>a {
    color: #000;
}

/*top row*/
    #headerNavigationContainer > div:nth-child(1) > div {
    background: darkblue;
    /*background-image: radial-gradient(white, darkblue 70px);*/
    background-image: radial-gradient(white, #450360 70px);
}

/*NAV row*/
#headerNavigationContainer > div:nth-child(2) {
    border-width: 2px;
    background: #fff;
    border-color: #e5e7eb;
    /*border-color: #660a08;*//*jmbsr*/
    border-bottom: solid 4px;
}

 /*fix Main Navbar*/
 .affix {
    top: 0;
    width: 100%;
    z-index: 9999 !important;

  }
  .affix + .container-fluid {
    padding-top: 70px;
  }     


#navigationUser > li > a {
color: #fff;
}

.text-right {
    /* text-align: right; */
    width: auto;
    float: right;
    padding-top: 15px;
}


/* Make the main container full-width */
.pkp_structure_content.container {
  width: 100% !important;
  max-width: 100% !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  margin: 0 auto !important;
}


.pkp_structure_content { 
  --tw-bg-opacity: 1;
    background-color: white;
   border-color: #e5e7eb;
    /*border-bottom: solid 4px;*/
}

/* Main content: flexible width to the right*/
.pkp_structure_main {
  float: right;
  flex-grow: 1;
  padding: 0 20px 0 20px;
  background-color: #ffffff; /* optional */
  order: 1;
  width: 70.66666667%;
}



/* Sidebar on the left */
.pkp_structure_sidebar {
  float: left !important;
  flex: 0 0 300px; /* fixed width */
  max-width: 300px;
  padding: 0 10px 0 10px;
  margin-right: 0 !important;
  margin-left: 1rem;
  order: 0;
   background: #d9d9d9;
  --tw-shadow: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 4px 6px -2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
      box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow, 0 0 #0000), var(--tw-ring-shadow, 0 0 #0000), var(--tw-shadow);
  
}

  
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .pkp_structure_content .row {
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .pkp_structure_sidebar,
  .pkp_structure_main {
    flex: 100%;
    max-width: 100%;
    width: 100%;
  }
}


.pkp_structure_page {
background: #d9d9d9;

}
.pkp_block {
background: #fff;
/*margin-top: 15px;*/
border-bottom-color: #474747;
    border-bottom-width: 8px;
    /*padding: 1em;*/
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 20px;
    /*margin-left: 1rem;*/
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    --tw-shadow: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 4px 6px -2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow, 0 0 #0000), var(--tw-ring-shadow, 0 0 #0000), var(--tw-shadow);
}
#customblock-slid {
padding: 0 1em;
}

#customblock-editors {
padding: 0 1em;
}


body {
    font-family: 'Karla',sans-serif;
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 20px;
    color: rgba(0,0,0,0.87);
    /*background: #000;*/
}


footer[role="contentinfo"] {
    background: #fff;
    /*padding: 2em;*/
    /*margin-top: 2em;*/
    /*border-top: solid 4px #043205;*/
}
body > div > footer:nth-child(5) {
 padding-bottom: 1em;
}

.pkp_block h2 {
    color: #db2777 !important;
    padding-bottom: 10px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    font-size: 16px;
}



.block_information a, .block_language_toggle a {
    font-size: 13px;
}


.pkp_block .content ul li {
    line-height: 20px;
    padding: 5px 0;
}

border-2 {
    border-width: 2px;
}


#sidebar > div.pkp_block.block_make_submission {
    text-align: center;
    /*margin-top: 10px;*/
}
.pkp_block.block_make_submission a {
color: #db2777;
}

#headerNavigationContainer > div:nth-child(1) > div > div.col-5 {
/*width: 60%;
color: #fff;
text-align: right;*/
}



/*IMAGE CAROUSAL*/
/*carousel-inner, item, hero(carousel-caption) and banner(image) */
/*Overlay*/
.overlay {
    position: absolute;
    height: 100%;
    width: 100%;
    z-index: 2;
    background-color: #450360; /*#080d15;*/
    opacity: .9;
    
}

.overlay-team {
    position: absolute;
    height: 220px;
    width: 100%;
    z-index: 2;
    background-color: #450360; /*#080d15;*/
    opacity: .9;
    border: 1px solid black;
    border-radius: 15px;
}
.banner-team {
    -webkit-background-size: cover;
    /* background-size: cover; */
    background-position: center center;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
   
    height: 220px;
    width: 100%;
   
    border-radius: 15px;
}
.carousel-caption-team {
    position: absolute;
    top: 78%;
    left: 50%;
    z-index: 3;
    color: #fff;
    text-align: center;
    /* text-transform: uppercase; */
    text-shadow: 1px 1px 0 rgb(0 0 0 / 75%); 
    -webkit-transform: translate3d(-50%,-50%,0);
    -moz-transform: translate3d(-50%,-50%,0);
    -ms-transform: translate3d(-50%,-50%,0);
    -o-transform: translate3d(-50%,-50%,0);
    transform: translate3d(-50%,-50%,0);
    /* padding-bottom: 150px; */
    font-family: poppins;
    width: 100%;
    
}

.carousel-caption-team a {
    /* background: #edbb00; */
    padding: 15px 35px;
    display: inline-block;
    margin-top: 15px;
    color: #fff;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    border-radius: 25px;
    color: #fcff5a;
    font-size: 18px;
}
@media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {
    .carousel-caption-team {
   
     top: 72%;
       
    }
}  


.carousel-caption {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    z-index: 3;
    color: #fff;
    text-align: center;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    text-shadow: 1px 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.75);
      -webkit-transform: translate3d(-50%,-50%,0);
         -moz-transform: translate3d(-50%,-50%,0);
          -ms-transform: translate3d(-50%,-50%,0);
           -o-transform: translate3d(-50%,-50%,0);
              transform: translate3d(-50%,-50%,0);
    padding-bottom: 150px;
    font-family: poppins;
}

.carousel-inner .item .carousel-caption {
    opacity: 0;
    -webkit-transition: 2s all ease-in-out .1s;
       -moz-transition: 2s all ease-in-out .1s; 
        -ms-transition: 2s all ease-in-out .1s; 
         -o-transition: 2s all ease-in-out .1s; 
            transition: 2s all ease-in-out .1s; 
}
.carousel-inner .item.active .carousel-caption {
    opacity: 1;
    -webkit-transition: 2s all ease-in-out .1s;
       -moz-transition: 2s all ease-in-out .1s; 
        -ms-transition: 2s all ease-in-out .1s; 
         -o-transition: 2s all ease-in-out .1s; 
            transition: 2s all ease-in-out .1s;    
}


.carousel-inner .item {
    /*height: 100vh*/
}

.banner {
    -webkit-background-size: cover;
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center center;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    /*height: 100vh*/
    height: 400px;
    width: 100%;
    
}


.carousel-caption h3 {
    /*font-size: 70px;*/
    /*text-transform: uppercase;*/
    font-weight: bold;
}

.carousel-caption h3 span {
    color: #edbb00;
}

.carousel-caption a {
    background: #edbb00;
    
    padding: 15px 35px;
    display: inline-block;
    ;
    margin-top: 15px;
    color: #fff;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    border-radius: 25px;
}

.carousel-control.right {
    background-image: none;
}

.carousel-control.left {
    background-image: none;
}

.carousel-indicators .active {
    background-color: #edbb00;
    border-color: #edbb00;
}


@media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {
    .carousel-caption {
    top: 37%;
       
    }
     .carousel-caption h3 {
        /*padding-left: 30px; 
        padding-right: 30px;*/
        
        
    }
    
    .carousel-caption h4 {
        
        /*padding-left: 30px; 
        padding-right: 30px;*/
        
    }
}    

@media only screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px) {
    .carousel-caption {
    padding-bottom: 350px;
       
    }


    .carousel-caption h3 {
        font-size: 50px;
        /*padding-left: 30px; 
        padding-right: 30px;*/
        
        
    }
    
    .carousel-caption h4 {
        
        /*padding-left: 30px; 
        padding-right: 30px;*/
        
    }
    
}

    .carousel-caption {
        padding-bottom: 120px;
    }

    .carousel-caption h3 {
        font-size: 25px;
        
    }

    .carousel-caption h4 {
        /*-size: 18px;*/
        font-size: 20px;
    }

    .carousel-caption a {
        padding: 10px 25px;
    }

/*Scolling Text - Topmost Header*/
#scroll-container {
  /*border: 3px solid black;*/
  border-radius: 5px;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin-top: 10px;
  display: flex;
  position: relative;
  
}

#scroll-text {
  /* animation properties */
  color: white;
  font-weight: 700;
  white-space: nowrap;
  margin: 0;
  text-align: center;
  
  
  -moz-transform: translateX(100%);
  -webkit-transform: translateX(100%);
  transform: translateX(100%);
  
  -moz-animation: my-animation 30s linear infinite;
  -webkit-animation: my-animation 30s linear infinite;
  animation: my-animation 30s linear infinite;
}
#scroll-text a {
color: yellow;
font-weight: 700;
}

/* for Firefox */
@-moz-keyframes my-animation {
  from { -moz-transform: translateX(100%); }
  to { -moz-transform: translateX(-100%); }
}

/* for Chrome */
@-webkit-keyframes my-animation {
  from { -webkit-transform: translateX(100%); }
  to { -webkit-transform: translateX(-100%); }
}

@keyframes my-animation {
  from {
    -moz-transform: translateX(100%);
    -webkit-transform: translateX(100%);
    transform: translateX(100%);
  }
  to {
    -moz-transform: translateX(-100%);
    -webkit-transform: translateX(-100%);
    transform: translateX(-100%);
  }
}

/*home page cards*/
/* Float four columns side by side */
.column {
  float: left;
  width: 33.33%;
  padding: 0 5px;
}

/* Remove extra left and right margins, due to padding */
.row {margin: 0 -5px;}

/* Clear floats after the columns */
.row:after {
  content: "";
  display: table;
  clear: both;
}

/* Responsive columns */
@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {
  .column {
    width: 100%;
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
  }
}
.hpcard {
text-align: center;
box-shadow: 0 4px 8px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
  padding: 5px;
  text-align: center;
  /*background-color: #f1f1f1;*/
}

/* Style the counter cards */
.card {
  box-shadow: 0 4px 8px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
  padding: 14px;
  /*text-align: center;*/
  background-color: #fff;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
/*Home page card title*/
#main-content > section > div > div > div:nth-child(1) > div > h4{
/*color: #E56377;*/
}

/*Journal Metrics*/

.card-0 {
  border-radius: 50%;
    border: solid thin;
    padding: 4px;
    width: 140px;
    height: 140px;
}

.Card-0-p {
padding: 20px;
line-height: 20px;
background: linear-gradient(1deg, #4e1d5c, #5c1d28);
border-radius: 50%; 
width: 130px; 
height: 130px;
border: dotted; 
color: white; 
font-size: 11px;
}

.Card-0-p a {
    color: #fff;
}


.hp .col-xs-12,
.hp .card-0,
.hp .Card-0-p,
.hp .flip-spot,
.hp .flip-inner,
.hp .flip-front,
.hp .flip-back {
  text-align: center;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .hp .col-xs-12 {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
  }
}

/*Card-1*/
.card-1 {
border: solid thin; 
padding: 5px;
}

/* ====== Flip Circle ====== */
.flip-spot{
  width:13rem;height:13rem;/*margin:auto;*/
  perspective:1000px;
}
.flip-inner{
  position:relative;
  width:100%;height:100%;
  transform-style:preserve-3d;
  transition:transform .8s;
}
.flip-spot:hover .flip-inner{transform:rotateY(180deg);}
.flip-front, .flip-back{
  position:absolute;inset:0;
  display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;
  border-radius:50%;text-align:center;
  backface-visibility:hidden;
  color: #ffff00;
}
.flip-front{
  background:conic-gradient(from 180deg at 50% 50%, #fabbc6 0 30%, #ae5604 30% 60%, purple 60%);
}
.flip-back{
  background:#ffffff;border:3px solid #f0b72f;
  transform:rotateY(180deg);
  padding:1.5rem;color:#333;
}
.flip-back p{font-size:.9rem;margin:0 0 .8rem;}
.flip-back a{
  padding:.5rem 1.3rem;border-radius:2rem;
  background:#f0b72f;color:#fff;text-decoration:none;font-weight:600;
}
/* ====== Flip Circle End====== */


/*Journal Metrics ends*/


/*PURPLE FOOTER*/

body > div > footer:nth-child(5) {
    background: #450360;
    color: #ffff;
}

body > div > footer:nth-child(5) a {
color: #f39bf3;
}
/*Editorial board h1*/
#main-content > div.page-header > h1 {
/*display: none;*/
}

/*HOW TO SUBMIT*/
details summary::-webkit-details-marker {
  /*display:none;*/
}

:root {
  --contentHeight: 30vh;
  --section-sWidth: 700px;
}


section {
  /*max-width: var(--section-sWidth);*/
  /*margin: 40px auto;*/
  width: 100%;
  
}

body > div > footer:nth-child(4) > div > div > div > section > details > details:nth-child(2) > summary {
 
  
  font-size: 12px;
  transition: .3s;
  border-bottom: 2px solid red;
  user-select: none;
  color: darkblue;
  background: white;
}
  
body > div > footer:nth-child(4) > div > div > div > section > details > details:nth-child(29) > summary {
 
  
  font-size: 12px;
  transition: .3s;
  border-bottom: 2px solid;
  user-select: none;
  color: darkblue;
  border-top: 2px solid red;
  background: white;
 
}

#main-content > section > details > details:nth-child(2) > summary {
font-size: 14px;
  transition: .3s;
  border-bottom: 2px solid;
  user-select: none;
  color: darkblue;
  border-top: 0;
  background: white;
  
}

#main-content > section > details > details:nth-child(29) > summary {
font-size: 12px;
  transition: .3s;
  border-bottom: 2px solid;
  user-select: none;
  border-top: 2px solid red;
  background: white;
}

summary {
  display: block;
  cursor: pointer;
  /*padding: 0 0 0 10px;*/
  font-family: "Space Mono", monospace;
  /*font-size: 12px;*/
  transition: .3s;
  /*border-bottom: 2px solid;*/
  user-select: none;
 color: #DD3781;
  font-weight: 800;
}

details > div {
  /*display: flex;*/
  flex-wrap: wrap;
 overflow: auto;
  height: 100%;
  user-select: none;
  padding: 0 20px;
  font-family: "Karla", sans-serif;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

details > div > img {
  align-self: flex-start;
  max-width: 100%;
  margin-top: 20px;
  width: 100%;
}

details > div > p {
  flex: 1;
}

details[open] > summary {
   color: purple;
   border-top: solid 1px black;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  details[open] > div > p {
    opacity: 0;
    animation-name: showContent;
    animation-duration: 0.6s;
    animation-delay: 0.2s;
    animation-fill-mode: forwards;
    margin: 0;
    padding-left: 20px;
  }

  details[open] > div {
    animation-name: slideDown;
    animation-duration: 0.3s;
    animation-fill-mode: forwards;
  }

  details[open] > div > img {
    opacity: 0;
    /*height: 100%;*/
    margin: 0;
    animation-name: showImage;
    animation-duration: 0.3s;
    animation-delay: 0.15s;
    animation-fill-mode: forwards;
    
  }
}

@keyframes slideDown {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    height: 0;
    padding: 0;
  }

  to {
    opacity: 1;
    height: var(--contentHeight);
    padding: 20px;
  }
}

@keyframes showImage {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    clip-path: inset(50% 0 50% 0);
    transform: scale(0.4);
  }

  to {
    opacity: 1;
    clip-path: inset(0 0 0 0);
  }
}

@keyframes showContent {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
  }
}

.pkp_page_index .journal-description, .pkp_page_index .additional_content {
    margin-top: 0;
}

/*Show-Hide search*/
@import url("https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.4.0/css/font-awesome.min.css");
body {
  /*display: -webkit-box;
  display: flex;
 -webkit-box-align: center;
  align-items: center;
  -webkit-box-pack: center;
  justify-content: center;
  height: 100vh;
  background-color: #F0AD4E;*/
}

#app > label {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-block;
  background-color: pink;
  /*padding: 5px 12px;*/
  -webkit-transition: all 1s ease;
  transition: all 1s ease;
  border-radius: 0;
  box-shadow: 1px 1px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}
#app > label::after {
  content: '';
  display: block;
  height: 2px;
  width: 80%;
  background-color: #F0AD4E;
  -webkit-transition: all 1s ease 0.5s;
  transition: all 1s ease 0.5s;
}
#app > label input {
  -webkit-transition: width 1s ease, opacity 0.5s ease 0.5s;
  transition: width 1s ease, opacity 0.5s ease 0.5s;
  opacity: 1;
  width: 180px;
  height: 25px;
  border: 0;
  outline: none;
  color: #b06d0f;
}
#app > label i {
  position: absolute;
  top: 11px;
  right: 11px;
  color: #333;
  cursor: pointer;
}
#app > label[data-state="close"] {
  border-radius: 30px;
  padding: 5px 5px;
  -webkit-transition: all 1s ease;
  transition: all 1s ease;
}
#app > label[data-state="close"]::after {
  width: 0%;
  -webkit-transition: all 0.3s ease;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}
#app > label[data-state="close"] i {
  pointer-events: none;
}
#app > label[data-state="close"] input {
  width: 28px;
  height: 25px;
  opacity: 0;
  cursor: pointer;
  -webkit-transition: opacity 0.5s ease, width 1s ease;
  transition: opacity 0.5s ease, width 1s ease;
  -webkit-appearance: none;
}
.navbar-form {
    margin-top: 5;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

/*cprint adds*/
#example1 {
  border: 2px solid #000;
  padding: 25px;

  /* Multiple background images */
  background-image:
    url("/public/site/images/mike/img_tree.gif"),
    url("/public/site/images/mike/mountain.jpg");

  background-repeat: no-repeat, no-repeat;
  background-position: left top, center center;
  background-size: contain, cover;

  font-family: "Cardo", serif;
}

@media (max-width: 335px){
#example1 > h2 {
    font-size: inherit;
}
}
@media (max-width: 420px){
#example1 p {
    margin-left: 0;
}
}
@media (min-width: 420px){
#example1 p {
    margin-left: 80px;
}
}

@media (max-width: 420px){
#example1 button {
    margin-left: 0;
}
}

@media (min-width: 420px){
#example1 button {
    margin-left: 80px;
}
}

#example1 button {
  border: none;
  outline: 0;
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 10px 25px;
  color: white;
  background-color: #370405;
  text-align: center;
  cursor: pointer;
  /*margin-left: 80px;*/
}



/* --------------------------------------------------
 * FOOTER  •  compact three-tone layout
  -------------------------------------------------- */

  footer.footer { font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; margin-top: 0; padding: 0; background: #450360; color:#eaeaea; }
  footer.footer a         { /*color:#cddc39; text-decoration:none;*/ }
  footer.footer a:hover   { color:#ffe57f; text-decoration:none; }
  footer.footer small     { font-size:.8rem; }
  
  .lh-sm                  { line-height:1.3; }     /* tightened line-height */
  
  /* ---------- row backgrounds --------------------------------- */
  .footer-row-0 { /*background:hsl(0, 8%, 97%);*/ margin-top: 25px;}
  .footer-row-1 { /*background:#1f1f1f;*/ border-top: solid 2px;}
  .footer-row-2 { background-color: #4e026c; margin-top: 10px;}
  .footer-row-3 { background-color: linear-gradient(1deg, #00004B, #280a0a); border-top: 1px solid #444; border-top: solid 1px rgb(172, 169, 169);} 
  .footer-row-1a { /*background:#ecc;*/ margin-top: 10px;}
  .footer-row-1a .container  { width:100%; }
  
  footer .footer-row-0.py-3 > div { width: 100% }
  
  /* ---------- info-block (Row 2) ------------------------------ */
  .ojs-custom-info-block  { display:flex; flex-wrap:wrap; gap:0.5rem; padding:0.5rem 0; }
  .ojs-custom-info-item   { flex:1 1 220px; padding:.1rem 3rem; border-radius:4px; 	animation:fadeInUp .8s ease forwards;}
  .ojs-custom-info-item h6{ font-size:1.25rem; font-weight:600; margin-bottom:1.25rem; }
  .ojs-custom-info-item p,
  .ojs-custom-info-item li{ font-size:1.1rem; margin-bottom:0.25rem; line-height:1.1;}
  
  .ojs-custom-info-item i { font-size:1.5rem; margin-right:1.25rem; margin-top:0.5rem;}
  
  /* per-column accent links */
  .ojs-custom-info-item:nth-child(1) a { color:#ff8fa3; }
  .ojs-custom-info-item:nth-child(2) a { color:#f39bf3; }
  .ojs-custom-info-item:nth-child(3) a { color:#f39bf3; }      /* Editorial & Review default */
  .ojs-custom-info-item:nth-child(3) a:hover { color:#ffd54f; }/* distinct hover colour     */
  .ojs-custom-info-item:nth-child(4) a { color:#ff8fa3; }
  
  .ojs-custom-info-item:nth-child(2) a,
  .ojs-custom-info-item:nth-child(3) a {
    letter-spacing: 0.5px; padding: 1px 0 1px 0;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
    display: block;
  }
  
  
  .ojs-custom-info-item:nth-child(1) { background: #450360; }
  .ojs-custom-info-item:nth-child(2) { background: #450360; }
  .ojs-custom-info-item:nth-child(3) { background: #450360; }
  .ojs-custom-info-item:nth-child(4) { background: #450360; }
  
  
  /* ---------- small screens ----------------------------------- */
  @media (max-width:575.98px){
    .ojs-custom-info-item      { flex:1 1 100%; text-align:center; }
    .footer-row-3 .container   { flex-direction:column; }
    .footer-row-3 a            { order:-1; margin-bottom:.75rem; }
    .footer-row-1a .container  { flex-direction:column; }
    
  }
  








.latest-articles-wrapper {
  background-color: #f8f9fa;
  padding: 15px;
  border-radius: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.footer-sec-title {
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  border-left: 4px solid #007bff;
  padding-left: 10px;
  color: #007bff;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

h6.footer-sec-title.text-md-start.text-center {
  border-left: 0;
}
/* Container holds articles in two columns */
.homepage-latest-articles {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 1rem;
  align-items: stretch; /* Stretch all items to same height */
  background-color: #fff;
}

/* Each article */
.homepage-latest-articles article.media {
  flex: 1 1 calc(50% - 0.5rem);
  display: flex;
  /*flex-direction: column;*/
  justify-content: flex-start;
  background-color: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 1rem;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
  transition: box-shadow 0.2s ease-in-out;
}

.homepage-latest-articles article.media:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
}

/* Inner content area */
.media-body {
  flex-grow: 1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  width: 100%;
}

/* Article title */
.media-heading a {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #000;
  line-height: 1.9rem;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.media-heading a:hover {
  color: #0056b3;
}

/* Remove margin issues */
.homepage-latest-articles h4.media-heading {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

/* Author name */
.media-body p.mb-1:first-of-type {
  font-style: italic;
  color: #444;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

p.mb-1 {
    line-height: 1.3;
}

/* Page numbers */
.media-body p.mb-1 strong {
  color: #333;
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.media-body p.mb-1 {
  color: #333;
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}


/* List of links (Abstract, PDF, DOI) */
.list-inline {
  padding-left: 0;
  margin: 0.5rem 0 0;
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.4rem;
}

.list-inline-item {
  display: inline-block;
}

.list-inline-item a {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 4px 8px;
  font-size: 0.99rem;
  background-color: #3e72ab00;
  color: #333;
  border-radius: 4px;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: background-color 0.2s ease-in-out;
  border: 0.5px solid #ccc;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.list-inline-item a:hover {
  background-color: #a8d0fb;
  color: #000;
  border-color: #007bff;
}

/* Margins */
.mb-1 {
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem !important;
}

.mb-2 {
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem !important;
}

.mb-3 {
  margin-bottom: 1rem !important;
}

/* Ensure text stays inside containers */
/*.latest-articles-wrapper,
.homepage-latest-articles article.media,
.media-body,
.media-heading a,
.media-body p,
.list-inline,
.list-inline-item {
  word-wrap: break-word;
  word-break: break-word;
  overflow-wrap: break-word;
  overflow-x: hidden;
}*/

/*.list-inline-item a {
  white-space: nowrap;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
  overflow: hidden;
  max-width: 100%;
  display: inline-block;
}*/

/*.media:first-child {
  margin-top: 30px;
}*/

.homepage-latest-articles {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 1rem;
  align-items: flex-start; /* Ensures all children align to top */
}

.homepage-latest-articles article.media {
  margin-top: 0 !important;
}

.homepage-latest-articles article.media {
  display: flex;
  /*flex-direction: column;*/
  justify-content: space-between;
  height: 100%; /* helps with equal height columns */
}

/*article.media {
  outline: 1px dashed red;
}

article.media:first-child::before {
  content: 'FIRST';
  background: yellow;
  padding: 2px;
  position: absolute;
}*/



/* Responsive fallback: stack articles vertically on smaller screens */
@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .homepage-latest-articles article {
    flex: 1 1 100%;
  }
}














.carousel-inner .item img {
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

.carousel-control {
  width: 5%;
  color: #000;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  opacity: 0.7;
  text-shadow: none;
  background: none;
  background-image: none !important;
}
.carousel-control:hover,
.carousel-control:focus {
  color: #000;
  text-decoration: none;
  opacity: 1;
}
.carousel-control .glyphicon-chevron-left,
.carousel-control .glyphicon-chevron-right {
  font-size: 20px;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
}

.index-logos img {
  filter: grayscale(5%);
}
.index-logos img:hover {
  filter: none;
}

.footer-row-3 .row {
  margin: 0 auto;
  max-width: 100%, /*or your preferred width */
}

.publisher-block {
   
    padding-top: 0;
}

@media (max-width: 992px) {
  .footer-row-3 .row {
    display: block;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .footer-row-3 .col-sm-4 {
    width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
  }
}

.col-xs-12.col-md-5.mt-4.mt-md-0.d-flex.flex-column.align-items-center {
    background: rgb(248, 249, 250);
    padding: 75px 0 66px 0;
    border-radius: 8px;
}


body::before {
  /*content: "Child Theme CSS Active" !important;
  display: block;
  color: red;
  background: #fffbe6;
  padding: 0.5rem;*/
}